de laval



a Shets-Sheet 1-.

(No Model.)

G. DE LAVAL. GBNTRIFUGAL LIQUID SEPA'RATOR.

A R/ll N. PETERS, PhowLilbognphur, Washington, D. C.

(No ModeL) '3 Sheets-Sheet 2-.

G. DE' LAVAL, GENTRIFUGAL LIQUID SEPABATOR.

No. 372,788. Patented NovQB, 1887-.

N. PETERS, Phm-umo n 'm Washingtun. n, c.

(No Model.) '3 Shets-Shees 3.

G. DE LAVAL.

UENTRIFUGAL LIQUID SEPARATOR. No. 372,788. Ptented N0v,'8, 1887 N.PETERS. Pholo-ulhognpher, Washingion, u. a

UNITED STATES PATENT ()rrrcn.

GUSTAF DE LAvAL, or STOOKHOLM, SWEDEN.

CENTRIFUGIAL Ll QUlD-SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 372,783, dated November8, 1887.

Application filed April 19, 1886. Serial No. 199,313. (No model.)Patented in Sweden January 29,1886, No. 683; in France February 12,1886, No. 174,126; in England February 12, 1886, No. 2,094; in GermanyFebruary 13, 1886, No. 38,315; in Austria-Hungary June 12, 1886, No.6,786; in NorwayAugust 30, 1886, No. 200; in Belgium October 21, 1886,No. 74,916; in Italy Decemher 31, 1886, No. 75; in Victoria January 4,1887, No. 4,870 March 2, 1887, No. 2, 025.

in Tasmania January 8, 1887, No. 442, and in New South Wales To aZl whomit may concern/l Be it knownthat I, GUSTAF DE LAVAL, a subject of theKing of Sweden and Norway,

and a resident of Stockholm, Sweden, have invented certain Improvementsin Centrifugal Liquid-Separators, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention has been patented in the fol- February 13,1886, No.38,315; Austria-Hungary, dated June 12, 1886, No. 6,796; Norway, datedAugust 30, 1886,No. 200; Belgium, dated October 21, 1886, No. 74,916;Italy, dated December 31,1886, No. 75; Victoria, dated January 4, 1887,No. 4,870,- Tasmania, dated January 8, 1887, No. 442; New South Wales,dated March 2, 1887, No. 2,025;

The invention relates to the construction of centrifugal apparatus thatcan be worked by hand-power for separating substances of differentgravit-ics, such as milk and cream.

Along separating-vessel is mounted upon a horizontal shaft, and isfitted thereto 'in two places and secured in such a manner that theseparating-vessel, with openings at its respective ends, may be easilytaken off the shaft, which is provided with one or two frictionwheelsresting upon one or two greater friction-wheels, secured on anothershaft driven through wheels and a cord or gearing from a third shaft.The shaft carrying the separatingvessel is retained in place by pivotedarms so formed as to embrace the bearings of the shaft, these arms beingkept in place by springs that press against them.

I This apparatus is represented in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure l is a 1011- gitudinal section in the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2is atransverse section in the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 arerespectively atransverse section and a plan or top view of a portion ofthe apparatus. Figs. 5 to 12 are detached detail views of the apparatushereinafter more particularly referred to, and Fig. 13 is a ver ticalsection showing a modification of the driving-wheels.

a is the separating-vessel, arranged at or near its respective ends tofit enlargements or collars c d, of conical or other shape, on thehorizontal shaft b, there being an inlet for milk in one end of theseparating-vessel and outlets for the separated products at the other. Aspring-hook or catch, 6, in a recess in the enlargement or collar d,secures the vessel in place, or it may be otherwise fixed. The shaft bcarries two small friction-wheels, f f, that rest upon two greaterfriction-wheels, g g.

The axes of the small friction-wheels ff may be inthe same verticalplane with the axes of the drivingwheels 9 s; but it is preferred toarrange the axes of the small frictionwheels at one side of a verticalplane drawn through the axes of the driving-wheels g s, so that theyshall not rest upon the highest parts of the greater friction-wheels gg. In this position the smaller friction-wheelsf f and the .s'haft onwhich they are mounted are retained by arms la is, pivoted at ii, (seeFig. 3,) and formed with recesses to embrace the bearings h h of theshaft, and pressed downward by springs at Z Z, carried by the lid orcover an of the apparatus. These bearings h are made as two-part boxesrecessed to receive collars upon the shaft and bolted together, so thatsaid shaft is free to revolve in the bearings; but these hearings hremain upon the shaft when it is lifted out of the machine. I

The shaft n, carrying the greater frictionwheels 9 g, is mounted inbearings supported by the end frames, 0 0, of the machine, which areconnected ,by a bed-plate, p, and a top plate, g, thus forming a rigidand compact stand. The shaft 11 receives rotary motion by means of acord from a large wheel, 8, (provided with a crank-handle, 13) which ismounted on a third shaft, the cord passing twice around a pulley, t, ofconical shape, on the shaft 12. In lieu of this arrangement, spur-gearor friction-gear orother means may be employed to drive the shaft n.

Assuming that milk is to be treated to separate the cream from it, themilk is fed through the pipe it, provided with a regulating-cock, to theseparating-vessel a, through a regulating device comprising a vessel,1;, Fig. 8, into the upper part of which the pipe 10 projects, and whichvessel is provided with a float, 71/, (see Fig. 10,) whose upper end isof conical form, or is equivalently shaped to enter the lower end of thesaid pipe, so that according to the height of the float in itscontaining-vessel (depending upon the level of the milk therein) theinlet-orifice will be more or less obstructed, or it may be entirelyclosed. From the vessel 1; the milk is conducted through the small pipeto into the annular cavity 00 in the collar 0, and thence during therotary motion of the shaft the milk is thrown into the vessel a throughthe openings 3 (see Figs. 1, 11, and 12) in the said collar. At theother end of the separating-vessel a there is a pipe, z, with outlet 2for skimmed milk, and there is also an outlet, a, for cream. These twooutlets open, respectively, into two collecting-vessels, b and c, fromwhich the separated products are discharged through suitable pipcs,d 0,respectively. The separating-vessel a, the float-containing vessel 1;,and the collectingvessels 1) c are inelosed in a casing, f f, thatserves to collect milk that may be spilled. This casing is provided witha discharge-cock, k, and is made in two parts, of which the lower, f, issecured to the stand and the upper, f",

to the lid m.

In a modification represented in longitudinal section in Fig. 13 theapparatus is arranged to be worked by means of only one pair offriction-wheels. In this case the one bearing of the shaft 12, carryingthe separating-vessel a, can be supported in any suitable mannersuch asby a bracket, in, projecting from the stand-and the said shaft 1) hasonly one friction-wheel f, which rests on a greater frictionwheel 9 onthe second shaft n. In this modification, instead of driving by cord andpulley, as in the arrangement hereinbefore described, the fly-wheel s isshown provided with teeth, which gear with a pinion on the shaft 11.

To work the apparatus the flywheel s,whicl1 is provided with acrank-handle, r, is turned round by hand, and when the desired speed hasbeen attained milk is introduced through the feed-pipe a, and theseparated products 1'un oii" throughthe discharge-pipes d (See Figs. 6and 7.)

After each operation the apparatus should be carefully cleansed, and, aswill be seen, its construction is particularly adapted to facilitatecompliance with this important requirement.

For the purpose of cleaning, the milk-supply through the feed pipe athaving been shut off, that pipe is removed. Then the lid or cover at,with the attached upper part, f of the casing, is raised and turned backon its hinges, as shown in Figs. 3 and g The arms k In, that secure theshaft-bearings h h in place, are also raised.

The vessel 7; has stem atits lower end, and

rests upon the bearing 1) upon the inside of the ease f, into which thestem enters, and the pipe u discharges milk into the vessel '0, and saidvessel has a small curved pipe, w, which extends out horizontally nearthe bottom of the vessel 1), and said vessel can be turned suffieientlyto cause thepipe w to enter or be withdrawn from the cavity 00, (seeFigs. 1, 4., 8,9, and 11,) and after the lid m has been thrown back thevessel 12 and its float 71/ may be readily removed. Theseparating-vessel a and the collecting-vessels b c are now free andloose, and can, together with the shaft 0 and its small friction-wheelsf f (or wheel) and bearings h 71, be removed from the stand. This beingeffected, the collecting-vessels I) c are removed, after which the shaft1), with the separating-vessel (1 upon it, is turned on end.

The catch 0 consists of a blade of sheet metal, one end of which isfastened upon the periphery of the collard. The other end ofthe catchhas a head or knob, and when the vessel a is placed upon the shaft overthe collars 0 (Z the head of the catch 0 enters a recess in the vesseland holds the same in place. To remove the vessel a from off theshaft 1) for cleaning, it is only necessary to depress the exposed endof the catch 0 and strike the end of the shaft b (marked to loosen thecollars c d from the vessel, so that the parts may be easily separated.Thus the parts to be cleansed are separated from one another namely, theinlet or regulating vessel 1), Fig.8, the regulating-float h, Fig. 10,the discharge vessels 1) 0, Figs. 6 and 7, separating-vessel a, Fig. 5,and the shaft b,with its enlargements or collars c d and bearings h h,Fig. 11. The inverse order is adopted in again putting the partstogether.

I claim- 1. In a centrifugal separating apparatus, the combination, withthe vessel a, open at both ends, of the shaft Z), the closed collar (1,the spring-catch 0 upon said collar, and the circular ring-shaped andopen collar 0, substantially as specified.

2. In a centrifugal separating apparatus, the combination, with thevessel a, shaft 1), and mechanism, substantially as specified, fordriving said shaft, of the bearings h h at the ends of the shaft, theretaining-arms 7c 70, pivoted at i, and the springs Z Z, substantiallyas set forth.

3. In a centrifugal separating apparatus, the combination, with thevessel a, having an open end, the casingsff and the bearing 12, of thevessel 1), supply-pipe a, float h, and the curved pipe w, substantiallyas specified.

GUSTAF DE LAVAL.

Witnesses:

FREDRIK L. EN UIs'r, AUG. Mamrnnne,

Both of Sloclrlwlm.

ICO

